{"id":4532,"date":"2022-01-05T08:26:59","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T08:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/?p=4532"},"modified":"2022-12-29T12:00:23","modified_gmt":"2022-12-29T12:00:23","slug":"traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\/","title":{"rendered":"CARA PENANGKAPAN IKAN TRADISIONAL DI BANTARAN SUNGAI KAHAYAN"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mencari ikan merupakan aktivitas yang telah mengalir dalam darah warga yang tinggal di sepanjang Sungai Kahayan, Kalimantan Tengah, khususnya di area bergambut di sebelah selatan Palangka Raya, ibu kota provinsi. Sebagian besar masyarakat yang tinggal di desa-desa di sepanjang bantaran sungai ini biasanya mencari ikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari, dan banyak dari mereka masih menangkap ikan dengan menggunakan perangkap ikan tradisional.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Unggi (kiri) dan Kumala (kanan) dengan sejumlah alat tangkap ikan buatan sendiri<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Faktanya, studi yang kami lakukan pada 2019 di Desa Tumbang Nusa, menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 80% penduduknya bekerja sebagai nelayan sebagai sumber mata pencaharian utama. Untuk mencari informasi lebih lanjut, pada 21 Desember 2021, tim kami mengunjungi komunitas ini untuk mengeksplorasi teknik perikanan dan mengetahui lebih banyak tentang Pengetahuan Kearifan Lokal (Indigenous Technical Knowledge) terkait perikanan di lahan gambut.<\/p>

Mengikuti arus<\/strong><\/h2>

Hari itu, Unggi (57) baru saja selesai memasang bubu di dekat rumahnya. Dia tidak beristirahat ketika dia tiba di rumah. Sebaliknya, ia mulai membuat lebih banyak peralatan memancing, dengan bantuan istrinya, Kumala (58). Pasangan suami istri ini sudah lama mencari ikan bersama. Mereka biasanya memasang perangkap di sungai pada pagi hari. Kemudian, pada sore hari, mereka memeriksa apakah ada ikan yang tertangkap.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mereka berdua belajar merakit bubu dari orang tua mereka. \u201cOrang-orang di sini biasanya mulai mencari ikan ketika mereka masih anak-anak. Sejak menikah tahun 1981, kami juga belajar dari tetangga dan melihat orang lain membuat perangkap,\u201d kata Kumala.<\/p>

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\u201cDi sini semua jenis ikan bisa ditangkap. Namun sifatnya musiman dan jaring ikan (rempa) hanya digunakan pada musim kemarau. Tapi perangkap bambu kami bisa digunakan untuk menangkap ikan di segala musim,\u201d jelasnya.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cBila ada banjir, akan lebih banyak ikan yang bisa ditangkap. Kami telah menangkap ikan di sini sejak tahun 1970-an. Dan masih banyak ikan yang harus ditangkap,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Dia kemudian menunjukkan kepada kami berbagai jenis peralatan memancing yang mereka buat. Salah satunya adalah perangkap melingkar panjang yang memungkinkan ikan masuk ke dalamnya dengan mudah. Ikan akan kesulitan untuk melarikan diri saat masuk ke dalam perangkap. Jenis perangkap bambu (bubu) ini digunakan untuk menangkap papuyu (Anabas testudineus) dan kapar (Belontia hasselti) \u2013 keduanya merupakan jenis ikan lokal yang memiliki potensi yang baik untuk dikembangkan sebagai jenis budidaya air tawar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Perangkap bubu ini terbuat dari bambu dan dibungkus dengan kawat <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mengadopsi bahan baru<\/strong><\/h2>

\u201cDulu, kami hanya menggunakan rotan dan bambu. Tapi tahun 1990, tetangga saya menunjukkan cara membungkus perangkap dengan kawat,\u201d kata Unggi. Dia kemudian mulai menggunakan kawat sebagai pengganti rotan dengan hasil yang jauh lebih baik.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cGulungan kawat sepanjang 10 meter berharga sekitar $10 (Rp155.000) dan tujuh perangkap dapat dibuat dari satu gulungan,\u201d jelasnya. \u201cKawat bisa bertahan hingga empat bulan. Bambu dan rotan tidak tahan lama di air dan juga bisa rusak oleh binatang pengganggu seperti berang-berang.\u201d<\/p>

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Teknik penangkapan ikan lokal lainnya yaitu menggantung jaring besar (rempa) di danau dan kanal, dan berjalan di perairan dangkal menggunakan jaring kecil (lelangit) yang dipegang dengan tongkat bambu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Praktik penangkapan ikan berdampak rendah ini telah menopang komunitas sungai Dayak selama berabad-abad. Namun, meningkatnya kerusakan ekosistem perairan, \u2013 akibat kebakaran, kanal, penebangan, bendungan, dan peningkatan penggunaan metode penangkapan ikan yang berbahaya seperti listrik dan racun \u2013 menyebabkan penurunan kelimpahan populasi ikan dan membuat mata pencaharian penangkapan ikan menjadi lebih sulit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Unggi juga menangkap ikan menggunakan jaring kecil yang disebut 'lelangit'.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Melindungi keanekaragaman hayati lahan gambut<\/strong><\/h2>

Perairan di lahan gambut sangat asam dan memiliki kadar oksigen yang rendah karena kurangnya sirkulasi. Meskipun demikian, hutan rawa gambut adalah rumah bagi spesies ikan unik yang secara khusus beradaptasi untuk hidup dalam kondisi yang sulit ini. Keanekaragaman hayati ekosistem ini juga mencakup banyak spesies yang dapat dibudidayakan dan dipanen secara komersial, seperti gabus, lele, dan ikan mas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ikan lele terjebak dalam perangkap<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mengembangkan perikanan darat<\/strong><\/h2>

Sementara semua kelimpahan alam ini ada, masih ada potensi besar untuk mengembangkan perikanan darat di lahan gambut. Meskipun orang-orang yang tinggal di daerah ini masih bergantung pada pemanenan sumber daya alam liar, potensi luar biasa untuk pengembangan perikanan darat jelas menunjukkan jalan menuju masa depan yang lebih berkelanjutan dan lebih kuat secara ekonomi bagi nelayan seperti Unggi dan Kamala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mencari ikan merupakan aktivitas yang telah mengalir dalam darah warga yang tinggal di sepanjang Sungai Kahayan, Kalimantan Tengah, khususnya di area bergambut di sebelah selatan Palangka Raya, ibu kota provinsi. Sebagian besar masyarakat yang tinggal di desa-desa di sepanjang bantaran sungai ini biasanya mencari ikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari, dan banyak dari mereka masih menangkap ikan dengan menggunakan perangkap ikan tradisional. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4536,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nTraditional Fishing Along the Kahayan River - Gambut Kita<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Traditional Fishing Along the Kahayan River - Gambut Kita\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fishing is an activity that runs in the blood of people living along the Kahayan River in Central Kalimantan, and this is especially so in the peatlands to the south of Palangkaraya, the capital city of the province. Most of the people who live in the villages along these river banks usually fish to meet their daily needs, and many of them still catch fish using traditional fish traps.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gambut Kita\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-05T08:26:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-29T12:00:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/fish3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"936\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"624\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rosali\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Ditulis oleh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rosali\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimasi waktu membaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 menit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rosali\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e6323f2f067ecffa1f36ea1e0f3c809e\"},\"headline\":\"Traditional Fishing Along the Kahayan River\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-05T08:26:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-29T12:00:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":721,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/fish3.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/traditional-fishing-along-the-kahayan-river\\\/\",\"name\":\"Traditional Fishing Along the Kahayan River - 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