{"id":4925,"date":"2022-09-16T11:57:19","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T11:57:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/?p=4925"},"modified":"2022-10-13T05:44:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-13T05:44:07","slug":"adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\/","title":{"rendered":"STRATEGI ADAPTASI PETANI TRANSMIGRAN"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pak Ramin adalah seorang petani sukses yang menanam berbagai tanaman sayuran di lahan seluas 1,5 hektar miliknya. Setelah pindah dari Jawa ke Kalimantan, dia berkata bahwa dia menjalani kehidupan yang lebih sejahtera daripada di kampung halamannya. Tapi, dia harus berjuang selama beberapa dekade hanya untuk sampai ke titik ini.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ramin menanam sayuran di tanah berpasir dan tanah gambut<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pada akhir tahun 1991, Ramin dan istrinya tiba di Habaring Hurung, sebuah desa lahan gambut 30 kilometer sebelah utara ibu kota Kalimantan Tengah. Semua penduduk desa disponsori untuk pindah ke sini sebagai bagian dari program transmigrasi yang ditawarkan selama rezim Soeharto. Saat tiba, ia menemukan bahwa tanah dan rumahnya tergenang air hingga ke pahanya.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cKami tinggal di hutan selama lima tahun pertama karena tanahnya masih belum bisa ditanami. Untungnya, kami mengetahui bahwa kami dapat menghasilkan uang dengan memanen kayu gemor (Nothaphoebe coriacea) dan jelutung (Dyera costulata) dari alam\u201d jelas Ramin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cHarapan kami untuk mengolah lahan muncul setelah pemerintah mengeringkan lahan dan membangun kanal. Meski lahan tidak bisa langsung ditanami, setidaknya air mulai surut.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Setelah dikeringkan, ia menemukan tanahnya hanya terdiri dari gambut dangkal dan pasir. Dia menyadari bahwa dia harus mengubah metode bertani yang telah ia pelajari di Jawa<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Teknik penanaman<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Saat menanam, Ramin terkadang menabur benih langsung ke tanah, tetapi ia juga menanamnya di bedengan atau polybag. Dia menggunakan ketiga metode penanaman untuk memastikan panen yang baik.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Polybag diisi dengan campuran gambut dan pupuk kandang kambing<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ia menggunakan polybag terutama saat menanam sayuran seperti tomat dan terong, seledri, dan kangkung. Ia juga menggunakan polybag untuk menumbuhkan tanaman berkayu seperti jambu mete.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cTanaman bisa terlalu panas jika polybag tidak dicampur dengan tanah gambut. Selain itu, ketika dipindahkan, mereka lebih mudah beradaptasi dengan tanah,\u201d jelasnya. \u201cSaya beri kapur ke tanah sebelum memberi pupuk kandang dan NPK ke bedengan. Urea tidak cocok untuk area ini,\u201d tambahnya.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ramin menggunakan metode padat karya untuk menjamin keberhasilan<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Biaya pengeluaran tinggi dan harga di tingkat petani rendah<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kemampuan Ramin untuk mengolah lahannya terkendala minimnya modal. Dia tidak bisa menghasilkan benih sendiri karena hasilnya buruk. Ia biasa merogoh kocek Rp150.000 hingga Rp175.000 untuk satu paket benih. Namun karena ia tinggal di dekat Palangka Raya, ia dapat dengan mudah mengakses benih.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kenaikan harga pupuk mengkhawatir- kannya. Harga rata-rata 50 kg pupuk murah adalah sekitar 1 juta rupiah. Belum lagi harga kapur sebesar Rp55.000 per karung (50 kg) maupun pupuk organik yang ia butuhkan dari kambing dan ayam yang harus ia beli dari desa terdekat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jagung adalah hasil panennya yang paling menguntungkan, dengan harga pasar yang cukup stabil di Rp2.500 per tongkol. Ia bisa menghasilkan 150 buah jagung dalam sekali panen. Sedangkan untuk kacang panjang, harganya bisa berkisar Rp1.000 hingga Rp7.000 per kg. Harga yang lebih rendah tidak dapat memberikan laba atas investasi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Meskipun demikian, Ramin mengatakan bahwa ada permintaan sayuran yang tinggi di kota, dan pendapatan pertaniannya memungkinkan dia untuk menghidupi keempat anaknya hingga sekolah menengah atas. Dia juga berhasil membeli berbagai kendaraan; memungkinkannya untuk mendapatkan harga yang lebih baik atas produk segarnya yang ia angkut sendiri, daripada melalui perantara.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Referensi<\/strong>\u00a0Sakuntaladewi, N.; Rachmanadi, D.; Mendham, D.; Yuwati, T.W.; Winarno, B.; Premono, B.T.; Lestari, S.; Ardhana, A.; Ramawati; Budiningsih, K.; Hidayat, D.C.; Iqbal, M. Can We Simultaneously Restore Peatlands and Improve Livelihoods? Exploring Community Home Yard Innovations in Utilizing Degraded Peatland.\u00a0Land<\/i>\u00a02022<\/strong>,\u00a011<\/i>, 150.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pak Ramin adalah seorang petani sukses yang menanam berbagai tanaman sayuran di lahan seluas 1,5 hektar miliknya. Setelah pindah dari Jawa ke Kalimantan, dia berkata bahwa dia menjalani kehidupan yang lebih sejahtera daripada di kampung halamannya. Tapi, dia harus berjuang selama beberapa dekade hanya untuk sampai ke titik ini.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4928,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nAdaptation Strategies of Transmigrant Farmers - Gambut Kita<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Adaptation Strategies of Transmigrant Farmers - Gambut Kita\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pak Ramin is a successful farmer who grows a variety of vegetable crops on his 1.5 hectare farm. Having relocated from Java to Kalimantan, he says that he now leads a more prosperous life than he did in his hometown. But, he had to struggle for decades just to get to this point.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gambut Kita\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-09-16T11:57:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-13T05:44:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Adaptation-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1604\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rosali\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Ditulis oleh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rosali\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimasi waktu membaca\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 menit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rosali\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e6323f2f067ecffa1f36ea1e0f3c809e\"},\"headline\":\"Adaptation Strategies of Transmigrant Farmers\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-09-16T11:57:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-13T05:44:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":620,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/09\\\/Adaptation-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"id\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gambutkita.org\\\/adaptation-strategies-of-transmigrant-farmers\\\/\",\"name\":\"Adaptation Strategies of Transmigrant Farmers - 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