{"id":5835,"date":"2024-09-27T07:29:49","date_gmt":"2024-09-27T07:29:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/?p=5835"},"modified":"2025-05-27T01:51:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T01:51:09","slug":"the-potential-of-sorghum-as-a-cereal-crop-on-peatlands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/the-potential-of-sorghum-as-a-cereal-crop-on-peatlands\/","title":{"rendered":"Potensi Sorgum sebagai Tanaman Serealia di Lahan Gambut"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSebuah kelompok tani bernama \u201cAlam Tani\u201d di Kota Dumai, Provinsi Riau, berhasil menanam sorgum di lahan gambut<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span>. Mereka difasilitasi oleh PT Kilang Pertamina Indonesia (PT KPI) Unit Dumai dalam program Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan (CSR), dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan dan memberdayakan masyarakat melalui kelompok tani dengan memperkenalkan sorgum sebagai salah satu alternatif mata pencaharian di lahan gambut. Inisiatif ini mendukung program pemerintah untuk memperkuat ketahanan pangan negara dengan melakukan diversifikasi dan pengembangan tanaman serealia alternatif seperti sorgum. Pemerintah telah mempromosikan sorgum sejak tahun 2022 dan punya target untuk menanam 150.000 hektar di Indonesia tahun ini<\/span>2<\/span>. <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sebuah lahan sorgum yang sudah bisa dipanen. Foto diambil dari situs Kementrian Pertanian.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Keserbagunaan sorgum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGenus <\/span>Sorgum<\/span><\/i> adalah bagian dari keluarga rumput-rumputan dan memiliki banyak spesies yang tersebar di Afrika dan Asia, tetapi yang diproduksi secara komersial adalah <\/span>Sorghum bicolor<\/span><\/i>. Sorgum merupakan tanaman serealia terpenting kelima yang ditanam di dunia. Sorgum dapat tumbuh sekitar 1-3 meter dan menghasilkan biji di bagian atas tanaman. Ada beberapa alasan untuk daya tariknya sebagai tanaman pangan pokok pengganti, dan salah satunya adalah kemampuannya untuk tumbuh di berbagai jenis lingkungan. Tanaman ini dapat tumbuh di ketinggian hingga 2500 m; toleran terhadap tanah asam, kekeringan, dan kondisi salin (kadar garam tinggi)<\/span>3<\/span>Dibandingkan dengan tanaman serealia lainnya, seperti jagung, sorgum memiliki biaya produksi yang lebih rendah dan efisiensi air yang lebih tinggi. Kemampuannya untuk tumbuh subur di lahan marginal yang gersang membuatnya menjadi makanan yang populer di India, Cina, Meksiko, dan beberapa negara Afrika. Kandungan nutrisinya lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan biji-bijian kaya karbohidrat lainnya, mengandung sejumlah besar mineral penting seperti fosfor, magnesium, zat besi dan tembaga serta sejumlah kecil seng, kalsium dan kalium. Sorgum mengandung protein dan serat yang tinggi, konsentrasi senyawa bioaktif, dan fitokimia yang memiliki sifat antioksidan dan anti-inflamasi<\/span>4<\/span>. Namun, kandungan fitokimia tersebut, yang termasuk asam fenolik dan tanin, memberikan rasa pahit. Fakta bahwa ia bebas gluten membatasi penggunaannya dalam industri makanan. Karena alasan-alasan tersebut, sorgum tidak umum dikonsumsi oleh orang-orang di negara maju seperti Amerika Serikat dan Australia, di mana mereka memproduksi sorgum untuk pakan ternak dan bioetanol. Selain itu, batang sorgum, dengan seratnya yang panjang, digunakan untuk bahan bangunan. <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Keterbatasan Lahan Gambut untuk Pertanian<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOnly certain kinds of peat can be used for agriculture. Shallow peat, with a depth of 1.4 – 2 m, is considered more fertile and is suitable for various food crops<\/span>5 <\/span>. Sebuah penelitian dilakukan oleh Andriani dkk (2024) mengenai pertumbuhan sorgum di lahan gambut dengan berbagai macam pemupukan di Aceh Barat<\/span>6 <\/span>. Sebuah penelitian dilakukan oleh Andriani dkk (2024) mengenai pertumbuhan sorgum di lahan gambut dengan berbagai macam pemupukan di Aceh Barat6. Tanahnya memiliki pH 4,67\u2013sangat asam. Mereka menguji berbagai dosis pupuk dengan varietas sorgum. Ditemukan bahwa jumlah pupuk NPK (nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhannya, kecuali jumlah daun. Rendahnya pH tanah membatasi jumlah nutrisi yang dapat diserap oleh tanaman. Tanpa pemberian pupuk, sampel kontrol tumbuh hingga ketinggian 174 cm dengan diameter batang 15 mm. Tidak ada informasi mengenai penggunaan pupuk dalam program sorgum di Dumai, tetapi memungkinkan untuk menanam sorgum tanpa pupuk, seperti yang diamati dalam penelitian ini. <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Seorang petani di Dumai sedang memanen sorgum secara manual. Foto diambil dari sumatra.bisnis.com. <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Wilayah Kota Dumai terdiri dari 80% lahan gambut7 <\/sup><\/span>dan telah terkena dampak kebakaran gambut dan kabut asap. Pengembangan program sorgum PT KPI dimulai sebagai respon terhadap kebakaran tersebut. Mereka berkomitmen untuk mendukung kegiatan-kegiatan yang memitigasi kebakaran serta membantu mengembangkan masyarakat yang tinggal di lahan gambut. Dalam program ini, mereka berkolaborasi dengan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Riau untuk memperkenalkan sorgum kepada kelompok tani 'Alam Tani' sebagai salah satu potensi mata pencaharian. Mereka pertama kali mencoba menanam sorgum di lahan seluas satu hektar pada bulan Desember 2022 dan enam bulan kemudian melakukan panen pertama, di mana 20 kg di antaranya dijual. Sisanya mereka gunakan untuk mengembangkan produk makanan sorgum dan uji coba pakan ternak. Pada penanaman kedua, hasil panen mereka mencapai dua ton. Salah satu pelanggan mereka, yang menderita diabetes, terus membeli sorgum mereka. Sorgum sangat cocok untuk penderita diabetes karena memiliki indeks glikemik yang rendah. Di lahan gambut, kelompok tani ini juga berhasil menanam tanaman lain seperti bayam, kangkung, dan okra, serta berhasil menanam kopi liberika dari Afrika. \u201cKami yakin dapat mengembangkan potensinya lebih besar lagi. Sorgum dapat menggantikan beras untuk konsumsi sehari-hari dan limbahnya dapat digunakan sebagai pakan ternak, sehingga meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi petani atau peternak,\u201d ujar Rudi, salah satu anggota Kelompok Alam Tani. General Manager PT KPI Unit Dumai, Didik Subagyo, sependapat dengan Rudi dan berencana untuk membangun strategi pemasaran dan pengolahan sorgum untuk mengembangkannya, dimulai dari kota Dumai. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Beras sorgum yang sudah diolah. Foto diambil dari kompasiana.com.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReferensi\n
    \n \t
  1. Bisnis.com (2023), <\/span>Petani Dumai Kembangkan Sorgum di Lahan Gambut sebagai Alternatif Pangan<\/span><\/i>, accessed 17 September 2024. https:\/\/sumatra.bisnis.com\/read\/20230504\/534\/1652725\/petani-dumai-kembangkan-sorgum-di-lahan-gambut-sebagai-alternatif-pangan<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  2. Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan (2022), <\/span>Dukung Pengembangan Sorgum, Kementan Siapkan Produksi Benih Sumber Sorgum, <\/span><\/i>accessed 18 September 2024, <\/span>https:\/\/tanamanpangan.pertanian.go.id\/detil-konten\/berita\/401<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n \t
  3. Hossain, S., Islam, N., Rahman, M., Mostofa, M. G., Khan, A.R. (2022). Sorghum: A prospective crop for climatic vulnerability, food and nutritional security. <\/span>Journal of Agriculture and Food Research.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n \t
  4. Tanwar, R., Panghal, A., Chaudhary, G., Kumari, A., Chhikara, N., (2023). Nutritional, phytochemical and functional potential of sorghum: A review. <\/span>Food Chemistry Advances.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  5. Hadianto, W., Jalil, M., Sarwanidas, T., & Zulkifli. (2018). The response of some varieties towards growth and crop production of peanut (<\/span>Arachis hypogeae <\/span><\/i>L.) on peatlands. (In Indonesian.). <\/span>Jurnal Agrotek Lestari<\/span><\/i>, 1(1), 73-80.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  6. Andriani, D., Irawan, J., Syahputra, I., Siregar, M. P. A., & Sari, P. M. (2024). Performance of sorghum varieties with various fertilizer doses in peatlands of West Aceh Regency<\/span>. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)<\/span><\/i>, 52(1), 92-100<\/span><\/li>\n\n
  7. Media Center Kota Dumai (2022), Wamen LHK Tinjau Restorasi Gambut, Wali Kota Bersyukur Revegetasi Sungai Dumai Segera Dikerjakan, Accesed 23 September 2024, <\/span>https:\/\/mediacenter.dumaikota.go.id\/berita\/baca\/279\/wamen-lhk-tinjau-lokasi-restorasi-gambut-wali-kota-bersyukur-revegetasi-sungai-dumai-segera-dikerjakan<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Wilayah Kota Dumai terdiri dari 80% lahan gambut7 dan telah terkena dampak kebakaran gambut dan kabut asap. Pengembangan program sorgum PT KPI dimulai sebagai respon terhadap kebakaran tersebut. Mereka berkomitmen untuk mendukung kegiatan-kegiatan yang memitigasi kebakaran serta membantu mengembangkan masyarakat yang tinggal di lahan gambut. Dalam program ini, mereka berkolaborasi dengan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Riau untuk memperkenalkan sorgum kepada kelompok tani 'Alam Tani' sebagai salah satu potensi mata pencaharian. Mereka pertama kali mencoba menanam sorgum di lahan seluas satu hektar pada bulan Desember 2022 dan enam bulan kemudian melakukan panen pertama, di mana 20 kg di antaranya dijual.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":5838,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Potential of Sorghum as a Cereal Crop on Peatlands - Gambut Kita<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gambutkita.org\/id\/the-potential-of-sorghum-as-a-cereal-crop-on-peatlands\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Potential of Sorghum as a Cereal Crop on Peatlands - Gambut Kita\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The area in the town of Dumai consists of 80% peatland7 and it has been affected by peat fires and haze. The development of PT KPI\u2019s sorghum program began as a response to the fires. They are committed to support activities that mitigate the fires as well as helping to develop communities that live on peatland. In the program, they collaborated with the Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) of Riau to introduce sorghum to the \u2018Alam Tani\u2019 farmer group as a possible livelihood. 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